Ji Yeon Lee ¹, Mid Eum Park ¹, Jin Seop Kim ¹, Ji Heon Hong ¹, Jae Ho Yu ¹, Dong Yeop Lee ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Physical Therapy, SunMoon University, KR

Abstract

The quadruped position is one of the trunk stabilization exercises. This improves the pelvic stability and muscle strength during performing the complicated movements. There was no study about the comparisons of the trunk muscle activation according to the hip joint angles. The purpose of this study was to analyze trunk muscle activity in quadruped posture according to the hip flexion angle (70°, 80°,90°). The subjects were 30 healthy young adults (15males, 15females). They performed 2 different postures of trunk stabilization exercises (with one leg raise and with contralateral arm and leg raise) in the quadruped position. The surface Electro-Myography (sEMG) was bilaterally recorded from Rectus Abdominis (RA), External Oblique (EO) and Erector Spinae (ES). As a result, the ES muscle activation(%MVIC) showed a significant difference in the quadruped position according to the hip flexion angles between 70° and 90°(p<0.5). There was no significant difference in RA and EO muscle activation according to the hip flexion angles. This study suggests that we can selectively facilitate the muscle activity and exercise more effectively by considering the hip flexion angle when performing the quadruped position for enhancing the trunk stability.

Keywords

Component, Hip Flexion Angle, Muscle Activation, Quadruped Position, Trunk Stabilization

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Katherine Shceck ¹, Dong Yeop Lee ¹, Kyung Byung Pyo ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Game Design, Konju National University, KR

Abstract

Computer and video games are reaching a wider audience than ever before, yet distributors are struggling to keep up
with past growth. Demographic game design posits that in order to create more commercially successful games, designers
must understand the player in order to anticipate their needs. The industry struggling as it is, this understanding has
become even more important. The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between player personality
and motivations for game play in order to add to a base of publicly and academically available information on which
designers can draw. The Neuroticism Extraversion Openness-Five Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992) and Nick Yee’s
Motivations for Play in MMORPGs Assessment (2005) were administered to 51 Dakota State University students. Results
demonstrated that even in a small group of “core gamers” there is a great deal of variety in play motivations. Furthermore,
there were several significant correlations between personality factors and play motivations. Achievement motivations
were positively correlated with Extraversion (p<.01) and Conscientiousness (p<.05). Social motivations were positively
correlated with Extraversion (p<.001) and Agreeableness (p<.01). Immersion motivations were positively correlated with
Neuroticism and Openness to Experience (p<.05). Other relationships and further opportunities for study and expansion
of the motivations model are discussed.

Keywords

Demographic Game Design, Five Factor Model, Gersonality, MMORPG, Motivation, Video Game

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Junghwa Kim ¹, Dong Yeop Lee ¹, Jaeho Yu ¹, Jinseop Kim ¹, Jiheon Hong ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Physical Therapy, Sun Moon University, KR

Abstract

It has been known that core stabilization is associated with the trunk stability and the mobility of limbs. However, studies on the relationships between the core stabilization and the muscle strength of limbs were very rare. Also, the Valsalva maneuver reportedly had an optimal breathing condition that created the maximal muscle strength. However, there has not been any comparative study of the maximal muscle strength by the Valsalva maneuver with that upon the core contraction. Thus, this study aimed to compare the impacts of the core contraction and the Valsalva maneuver on the isometric maximal muscle strengths at the internal rotation of a shoulder. The participants composed of 11 male and 24 female adults (age 21 ± 1.8). The measurement was performed 3 times with the single group. The experiment was carried out to measure the isometric maximal muscle strengths upon the internal rotation of a shoulder in the three groups consisting of the control group, the core stabilization group contracting transverses abdominal muscle and the Valsalva maneuver group using intra-abdominal pressure. A significant difference (p<0.05) was shown between the core stabilization group (10.27±7.06) and the Valsalva maneuver group (16.39±9.09). As a result, it was found that the core stabilization group and the Valsalva maneuver group had impacts on the maximal muscle strength at the isometric internal rotation of a shoulder. If compared with the control group, the core stabilization group displayed the reduced maximal muscle strength while the Valsalva maneuver group showed the increased maximal muscle strength in comparison with the core stabilization group. Since there were no overlapping conditions between the core contraction and the measurement of muscle strength, which comprised the dual task, the concentration of the participation on the task was lowered and thus the maximal muscle strength of the core stabilization group was reduced. It has been known that the Valsalva maneuver enhanced the trunk stability and provided the additional muscle tension along with the increased intraperitoneal and intrathoracic pressures, leading to the improved power generation of the proximal and limb muscles. Consistent with this, the Valsalva maneuver group displayed the highest maximal muscle strength.

Keywords

Component, Core Stability, Isometric, Shoulder, Strength, Valsalva Maneuver

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Jae Ho Yu ¹, Eun Jeong Lee ¹, Jin Seop Kim ¹, Ji Heon Hong ¹, Dong Yeop Lee ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Physical Therapy, Sun Moon University, KR

Abstract

The aim of this study is to prove that the change of pelvic tilt angle and backrest pressure according to hip joint angle in
healthy adult. Thirty healthy male and female adults consented to participate in this study. Subjects sat on the chair with
90°, 100° and 120° hip joint flexion while both the Pressure Sensors (PS) and Passive Makers (PM) were sticked to the
subjects by an examiner. In difference between the distance values of the total axis (in distance between Superior Iliac
Crest (SIC) and thigh) and the distance values of the total axis (in distance between Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
and thigh), there was significant value (p<.01). And in difference between the thoracic pressure and the lumbar pressure,
there was significant value (p<.001). Thus, in comparison with the subjects sitting down with a smaller hip joint angle, the
subjects sitting down with the bigger hip joint angle can be exposed to danger complaining of low back pain.

Keywords

Back Pressure, Component, Hip Joint Angle, Pelvic Tilt, Sitting Posture

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Jong Ho Back ¹, Jean Soo Kim ², Dong Yeop Lee ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pathology, Eulji University Hospital, KR
2 Department of Clinical Laboratory Science Daejeon Health Institute of Technology, KR
3 Department of Physical Therapy, SunMoon University, KR

Abstract

Objectives: This research was conducted to look for the vest conditions of Hematoxylin-eosin staining. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: Method was investigated the Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Microscopy and RGB analysis. Findings: The result was as follows. The thickness of the optimal condition is 3 cm, the time of the optimal Hematoxylin 4 minutes 30 seconds and eosin 3 minutes 45 seconds. Also, RGB analysis was green. So green showed a significant difference in the change width to each stage, and the biggest change was 52.74 at 2㎛ and 3㎛. Improvements: Therefore, an appropriate fixed time is needed to be found to get staining intensity and sharpness, and the freshness of reagent for each stage should be maintained.

Keywords

Eosin, Hematoxylin, RGB, Microscopy, Stain.

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Ja Yeong Gu ¹, Hee Seong Choi ¹, Dong Yeop Lee ¹, Jae Ho Yu ¹, Jin Seop Kim ¹, Jiheon Hong ¹

Affiliations
1 Department Physical Therapy, Sun Moon Univeresity, Asan-si, Chungnam, KR

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Heat treatment of physical agent modalities (hot pack, paraffin bath, infrared lamp) was widely used in the treatment of the Raynaud's phenomenon. The aim of this study was to investigate effective heat treatment of physical agent modalities for hand hypothermia. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Forty-two subjects were classified into hypothermia group (21 adults) and control group (21 healthy adults). The heat treatment was applied on the subjects after exposing central part of their hands in a laboratory at 23 to 25 °C for 10 minutes before applying the heat treatment, and measured temperature of central part of their hands through Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging before and after treatment. The heat treatment included hot pack, paraffin bath, infrared lamp, and each heat treatment were applied for 20 minutes. Findings: Significant difference appeared in three factors of each group when skin temperature was compared before and after the heat treatment application. The hot pack and paraffin bath showed significant difference when temperature of the experiment group and control group were compared temperature difference before and after the application. When each factor was compared in the experiment group by temperature difference before and after the heat treatment application, between the hot pack and infrared lamp were showed significant difference. According to the result of this study, each heat treatment can be considered to have effect in increasing the skin temperature for both groups. The hot pack treatment applied to people with hypothermia is considered to show better effects when treating hypothermia. Application/Improvements: heat treatment is considered to be an appropriate physical therapy for people with hypothermia.

Keywords

Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging, Hypothermia, Hot Pack, Infrared Lamp, Paraffin bath.

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Hye Min Park ¹, JinSeop Kim ¹, JiHeon Hong ¹, JaeHo Yu ¹, ManSoo Ko ², Dong Yeop Lee ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Physical Therapy, Sun Moon University, KR
2 Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, US

Abstract

It is reported that low back pain is related to erector spinae muscle. The purpose of this study was to investigate that between subjects who have low back pain and who don't have low back pain on four different sit positions that have stability difference by comparing for effect on the thickness change of erector spinae muscle. The study collects 15-people who were diagnosed that was not operated because of a medical or surgical disease without low back pain and who were diagnosed. It measures the thickness of erector spinae muscle by real-time ultrasonopaphy, according to prone position, sitting on a chair position, sitting on a gymball position and sitting on a gymball with left leg rising. There were significant difference for the thickness of erector spinae muscle in prone position, sitting on a chair, sitting on a gymball (p.05). This study demonstrated that the lower stability position, the more effects on the thickness of erector spinae muscle.

Keywords

Erector-spinae Muslces, Low Back Pain(LBP), Sitting Postures, Ultrasonography

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